A brief survey is presented of the available techniques of remote environmental control over the air space condition. The paper demonstrates that the most acceptable method for operative gas composition monitoring in the near-earth atmospheric layers is one of spontaneous combination scattering (SCS), while the traditional aerosol component lidar analytic techniques are largely erroneous. A conclusion is made about the lidar holographic techniques. A scheme is proposed of a gas-aerosol polarization holographic lidar, in which the air gas composition is controlled, using the SCS method, while aerosols are studied by analyzing the aerosol particle registered polarization holograms in atmospheric cross-sections along the probing path.