Dirac's quantization of the Maxwell theory on non-commutative spaces has been considered. First class constraints were found which are the same as in classical electrodynamics. The gauge covariant quantization of the non-linear equations of electromagnetic fields on non-commutative spaces were studied. We have found the extended Hamiltonian which leads to equations of motion in the most general gauge covariant form. As a special case, the gauge fixing approach on the basis of Dirac's brackets has been investigated. The problem of the construction of the wave function and physical observables have been discussed.